Difference Between Goal Structure And Goal Orientation

Both goal structure and goal orientation influence the way students perceive the purpose of goal setting and achievement. To understand the effect, it is important to distinguish the difference between goal structure and goal orientation when considering students’ motivation, behaviors and the reasons, or purposes, for engaging in academic work. Classroom goal structures refers to the learning environment in which the learning takes place and influences a student’s perception on what it means to achieve. According to Wolters (2004), achievement goal theorists have established two categories of goal structures: †¢ Classroom mastery goal structures: an environment in which the instructional practices, policies, and norms convey to†¦show more content†¦236). There is a direct correlation between goal structures, goal orientations and student achievement. Lau and Nie (2008) examined the interaction between classroom goal structures and personal goal orientations to the prediction of students’ achievement and motivational outcomes (p. 15). The study consisted of 3,943 grade five students from 130 classrooms in 38 elementary schools in Singapore. The participating schools represented a wide spectrum of achievement levels to ensure a â€Å"natural variance† of demographics and classroom characteristics. The mixed-methodology study included qualitative surveys to gather data on students’ motivational beliefs, academic behaviors, and perceived classroom goal structure as well as quantitative data from a math achievement test. Lau et al. analyzed students’ responses to determine their personal goal orientation. 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Definition Paper Normal free essay sample

In my opinion, there Is no definite answer to this question. Normal Is a word that Is relative to time and space. Normal Is, and always will be, In a constant state of change, todays normal Is not the same as twenty years ago, and It will be different ten years from now. However when you consider the way this word came about, you may be surprised. Normal comes from the Latin word normals, which refers to a carpenters right angle. When you think of a right angle, it is always constant. The word normal is also derived from the Latin Norma, which means a pattern.This is the definition to consider when trying to reach an understanding what normal means. What normal is has been a constant debate for many years, but when trying to define normal most people try to give very specific answers, and that just will not work. We will write a custom essay sample on Definition Paper: Normal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is normal is always changing and will not be the same one year from the next, not even one month to the next. To understand normal fully we have to understand the way our society looks at Its self. Normal is not any one thing, but a combination of several things. To understand the word normal fully we need to break It Into five parts, Fashion, Beliefs, Laws, entertainment, and time.In the times we live In, people strive to define them selves by modeling their actions, clothing choices, and appearance after celebrities. They have become the stencils for our society. Every where you look, the influence of these people can be seen. However is this what normal is? It is part of it, but it would be more accurately defined as fashion, or what is currently in style. The belief systems in place show us how we should act, what is ethical, what taboo is and what every day life is like. Now while not every one adheres by these rules, the general population does.However, this Aries in different pars of the world, and in different cultures. Therefore, this is also what normal Is, but not entirely. Laws are a big part of the word normal. The current laws of a time determine how we can act, and what kind of punishment will ensue If we do not adhere to these laws. Every one must follow these, unlike beliefs, and If they do not, there will be consequences. Now you may be asking your self how entertainment ties in with all of these categories. Entertainment is a big part of any culture, what you do for fun is definitely not what people did twenty years ago.Thus, entertainment is a big part of what is considered normal. People who played rock music now would find them selves extremely out of place fifty years go. Now as I have already stated, normal is a relative word interconnected with space and time. As I have explained, the four other parts of what should be examined when considering normal are laws, beliefs, fashion, and entertainment. Time is the one that ties them all together. With out a sense of time a definition of normal cannot be obtained. The time in which the other four things are happening truly defines normal.However, by this definition, It could also be said that It Is normal for cultures to have norms. Every culture defines normal In an entirely deferent way than another, nevertheless, they use the same set of guidelines or rules I have outlined to do so. True. Therefore, normal can not be given a finite answer, for example (its is perfectly normal for sixteen year old girls to have pink and blue hair). The definition of the word normal must tell us how to analyze a culture and find the norms. Henceforth, my definition of normal is: the fashion, laws, beliefs, and entertainment of a specific culture at a given point in time.